Precious Little Sleep

Bedtime

Bedtime is important. Keep at consistent time within 15-30 min. Longest awake time before bedtime, before that no late naps not even 5 min ones. Use consistent and enjoyable routine (food, bath, books, bed). Keep lights dim, activity low. Bedtime = fallen asleep
Bedtime too late: try moving bedtime 15 min earlier every day or wake baby 15 min earlier. Expose baby to bright light in morning.
Bedtime too early: push bedtime back by 15 min a day

Baby spends half the time in REM. A cycle includes REM and non-REM, happens every ~50 min. Sleep circadian rhythm matures at ~1 - 2 months
Homeostatic sleep drive: pressure to sleep the longer you are awake
Object permanence: change in environment while asleep causes issues, ~6 months
Sleep associations: activities and objects that occur close to or at bedtime. Make them consistent through night

White noise: 50 dB, use every time baby sleeps. To wean, gradually turn down volume
Swaddling: keep arms immobile, safe if baby doesn't go on back. To wean, try with one arm out, transition swaddle, stop cold turkey
Pacifier: use during first 4-6 months when baby sleeps, don't give when she is hungry, try pulling it out a little, put a bit of breast milk on, have someone other than mom do it. To wean, give your baby many sleep associations, cut back on day use, then cold turkey
Swing: start with highest setting, if baby doesn’t fall asleep independently, put something that smells like mom near, use pacifier, swaddle arms, feed right before. Don't use for baby awake time. Use first 4-6 months. To wean, give baby lots of sleep cues, progressively decrease speed of swing until still, move swing close to crib, leave baby in crib
Sleep schedule management: baby awake not too long or too short, watch for cues like fussing, crying for no reason, loss of interest in toys/activities, must be held, stops making eye contact, moves jerkily, rubs eyes, blinks slowly, yawns. Older toddlers: more tantrumy/physical
Environment: low light, not stimulating
Lovey after ~12 months. Part of sleep routine